Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 1200 Words

First, cannabis should be legalized since it has a lot of unique medical uses, and its legalization provides another avenue of medicine and improves health service standards overall. Commonly, cannabis is prescribed to help with chronic pain. Restricting the use of cannabis would be a huge and unnecessary disadvantage to people who are suffering from the diseases that could use cannabis as treatment. For example, cannabis has been used as an alternative to more conventional medicines in the case of multiple sclerosis patients, and it has been proven to be very useful and effective. Also, the drug is known to help those undergoing chemotherapy treatment. This essential cancer therapy damages patient s bodies and causes extreme vomiting, weakness, and weakened immune systems. On the other hand, some people who argue that cannabis should not be legalized argue that cannabis is more lethal to the human body than alcohol, which is legal. This is demonstrably false. Obviously, cigarettes and alcohol are harmful to humans, causing lung cancer, liver failure, brain damage, and other ailments. The proponents of legalization of cannabis argue that cannabis is already being used all over the world and less deaths can be attributed to it compared to other drugs. Rarely, if ever, has a death been attributed to cannabis use. The reality is that no human has ever died from marijuana overdose. Cannabis does contain carcinogens, which critics say is one of the dangers that need to stayShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?849 Words   |  4 Pageswhether marijuana should be legalized. Around 23 states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational use. In the state of Illinois, medicinal use of marijuana has been passed on April 17, 2013. Since January 2 014, patients are able to obtain marijuana with a doctor s recommendation. The new debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for the general public as a recreational drug. Although some believe that marijuana is harmless, and that it has beneficial medicinal uses, marijuana shouldRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1715 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana in Society Cannabis, formally known as marijuana is a drug obtained from the tops, stems and leaves of the hemp plant cannabis. The drug is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Only substances like caffeine, nicotine and alcohol are used more (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). In the U. S. where some use it to feel â€Å"high† or get an escape from reality. The drug is referred to in many ways; weed, grass, pot, and or reefer are some common names used to describe the drug (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). Like mostRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1489 Words   |  6 Pagescannabis plant or marijuana is intended for use of a psychoactive drug or medicine. It is used for recreational or medical uses. In some religions, marijuana is predominantly used for spiritual purposes. Cannabis is indigenous to central and south Asia. Cannabis has been scientifically proven that you can not die from smoking marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized to help people with medical benefits, econo mic benefits, and criminal benefits. In eight states, marijuana was legalized for recreationalRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1245 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a highly debatable topic that is rapidly gaining attention in society today.   Legalizing marijuana can benefit the economy of this nation through the creation of jobs, increased tax revenue, and a decrease in taxpayer money spent on law enforcement.   Ã‚  Many people would outlaw alcohol, cigarettes, fast food, gambling, and tanning beds because of the harmful effects they have on members of a society, but this is the United States of America; the land of the free and we should give peopleRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana became a heated political subject in the last few years. Twenty-one states in America have legalized medical marijuana. Colorado and Washington are the only states where marijuana can be purchased recreationally. Marijuana is the high THC level part of the cannabis plant, which gives users the â€Å"high† feeling. There is ample evidence that supports the argument that marijuana is beneficial. The government should legalize marijuana recreationally for three main reasonsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesshows the positive benefits of marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. In recent years, numerous states have defied federal law and legalized marijuana for both recreational and medicinal use. Arizona has legalized marijuana for medical use, but it still remains illegal to use recreationally. This is absurd, as the evidence gathered over the last few decades strongly supports the notion that it is safer than alcohol, a widely available substance. Marijuana being listed as a Schedule I drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1350 Words   |  6 Pagespolitics in the past decade would have to be the legalization of marijuana. The sale and production of marijuana have been legalized for medicinal uses in over twenty states and has been legalized for recreational uses in seven states. Despite the ongoing support for marijuana, it has yet to be fully legalized in the federal level due to cultural bias against â€Å"pot† smoking and the focus over its negative effects. However, legalizing marijuana has been proven to decrease the rate of incrimination in AmericaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSHOULD MARIJUANA BE LEGALIZED? Marijuana is a drug that has sparked much controversy over the past decade as to whether or not it should be legalized. People once thought of marijuana as a bad, mind-altering drug which changes a person’s personality which can lead to crime and violence through selling and buying it. In the past, the majority of citizens believed that marijuana is a harmful drug that should be kept off the market and out of the hands of the public. However, a recent study conductedRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1145 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing Marijuana Marijuana is a drug that has been actively used for centuries. This drug can be traced back to 2737 BC by the Chinese emperor Shen Nung. He spoke about the euphoric effects of Cannabis and even referred to it as the â€Å"Liberator of Sin.† Since early on, marijuana was seen as a medicinal plant that was recommended for medical uses. Marijuana is currently in schedule I, which means that physicians are not allowed to prescribe it in the United States (Hart, Ksir 2013). This drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1596 Words   |  7 Pages But what needs to be known before a user can safely and completely make the decision if trying Marijuana is a good idea? Many do not want the drug to be legalized because they claim that Cannabis is a â€Å"gateway drug†, meaning it will cause people to try harder drugs once their body builds up a resistance to Marijuana, because a stronger drug will be needed to reach a high state. This argument is often falsely related to the m edical side of the debate over legalization. It is claimed that this would

Nazi police unit Free Essays

In Ordinary Men, Christopher Browning uses the example of one particularly brutal Nazi police unit in occupied Poland to explain how a group of seemingly normal individuals could participate in some of World War II’s worst atrocities. By examining the mixed reactions they showed as they carried out their orders, Browning rejects the most common arguments as to why they complied with the Final Solution and asserts that a combination of factors motivated ordinary men to become mass murderers. Reserve Police Battalion 101, a unit of the German Order Police (or â€Å"Orpo†), played a significant role in the Final Solution by serving as an occupation force in eastern Europe, rounding up Jews and political enemies of the Nazis, helping deport them to labor and death camps, and killing over 38,000 Jews between early 1942 and the end of 1943 (191). We will write a custom essay sample on Nazi police unit or any similar topic only for you Order Now Its ranks grew from 56,000 in 1933, when the Nazis assumed control and created an extra tier of internal security, to over 300,000 by 1942, when the Final Solution was implemented (4-7). Browning makes clear that the unit, which formed in Hamburg in early 1942, was not comprised of fanatical Nazis, rabid anti-Semites, or marginal members of society. The officers were mainly middle-class merchants and professionals (with some party members and only two members of the SS among them), while the ranks comprised blue-collar men who were not devout Nazis. Clearly, the men who committed mass murder were not marginal, violent criminals but solid citizens who were somehow transformed. The â€Å"Community† (Battalion 101) The battalion’s early operations reveal its ambivalence about its mission in Poland. The unit’s commander, Major Wilhelm Trapp, initially anguished over the orders to kill rather than simply deport Polish Jews, and its first major atrocity, the Jozefow Massacre of 13 July 1942, was hardly a coldly efficient operation by steely-nerved Nazis. The event, in which a Polish village’s 300 able-bodied Jewish men were deported to a labor camp while its 1,500 Jewish women, children, and elderly were gunned down, handled it inefficiently and with significant emotional division. Beset by drinking and sloppy methods, the unit took much of the day to carry out their orders and was initially ambivalent about the entire premise of their mission. Trapp even gave his troops the choice to refrain from the killing, which twelve did; over the next year, about twenty percent of the unit either never killed Jews or initially did but stopped. Browning remarks that the few who bowed out did so for a variety of reasons. They were so unprepared for the mission that they found it easier to follow orders than to think about their actions; many feared being labeled as â€Å"cowards† or â€Å"weak† by refusing to kill the unarmed; and, though few claimed to be avowed anti-Semites, â€Å"they had at least accepted the assimilation of the Jews into the image of the enemy . . . [that] was killing German women and children by bombing Germany† (73). Trapp adapted to his men’s emotional chaos by sending much smaller groups to kill, avoiding the division and discord and thus making Battalion 101 a more efficient killing operation. Another of its operations, a massacre at Lomazy on 17 August 1942, proved Trapp’s wisdom; the unit’s Second Company, with help from â€Å"Hiwis† (Slavic collaborators with the Nazis), slaughtered 1700 Jews in much less time than the Jozefow killings took. Browning comments, â€Å"Like much else, killing was something one could get used to† (85). Gradually, many of Battalion 101’s members became desensitized and some, like brutal, heavy-drinking Lieutenant Hartwig Gnade, actually came to enjoy their role as murderers. Even the worst were not monolithic Nazi madmen; they were still essentially normal men who struggled with their consciences but ultimately chose to become monsters. Still, despite the unit’s large number of murders and increasing prowess at killing, it was never wholly united and some members, like Lieutenant â€Å"Heinz Buchmann† (a pseudonym, which Browning uses for many of the principal figures), made no secret of their opposition to their actions, but Trapp never disciplined him, even giving Buchmann a transfer and a favorable recommendation later in the war. Also, some of the enlisted men refused to participate, facing some indirect punishments like taunting and unpleasant duties, though none faced serious disciplinary action for their dissent. Browning writes, â€Å"As long as there was no shortage of men willing to do the murderous job at hand, it was much easier to accommodate Buchmann and the men who emulated him than to make trouble over them† (103). In his final chapters, Browning makes clear that the battalion’s members did not consider their actions monstrous; they simply considered it a matter of following orders, and a few even thought that the Jews brought their fate on themselves by accepting it so passively. Others believed that murdering unsuspecting victims was humane, because â€Å"a quick death without the agony of anticipation was considered an example of human compassion† (155). When trying to find reasons for why such seemingly average men without violent histories had become such bloodthirsty, ruthless killers, the author weighs the most common of historians’ claims (racism, excessive obedience, the role of propaganda, war’s brutalization, and the bureaucratic division of labor) and argues that none was alone sufficient to cause the unit’s transformation. Instead, he implies that those factors’ combination, along with what author Primo Levi deemed a â€Å"gray zone† of â€Å"ambiguity which radiates out from regimes based on terror and obsequiousness† (187), allowed otherwise normal individuals to be transformed into murderers – and it could possibly happen again to another group of equally â€Å"ordinary† men. REFERENCES Browning, Christopher R. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland. New York: HarperCollins, 1992. How to cite Nazi police unit, Papers

The Undeniable Truth About Social Problems Essay Topics That No One Is Sharing With You

The Undeniable Truth About Social Problems Essay Topics That No One Is Sharing With You The Little-Known Secrets to Social Problems Essay Topics Peers play the important part in shaping attitudes about alcohol usage. Social awareness is the obligation of every citizen of any nation to spread all of the information, which might give much better lifestyle. Racism is among the most devastating factors connected with modern society. Social networking encourages the false images of how everything ought to be in an ideal world. Social networking is the main reason for a lot of the world's problems and solutions. Avoiding social media can be extremely hard. There's however a specific level of pollution that's accepted as normal industrial practice. As stated by the structural perspective, society is regarded as an intricate system of structures that interact so as to carry out various necessary functions. So, your wellbeing isn't going to get worse while you're taking the herbal penis pills. The problem is a social problem since it is widespread and affects quite a few of our communities and the individuals within them who don't fit the norm. There's no quick fix to the immigration issue. There's an undefined status. In the majority of communities, the financial status always defines someone's social status. Poverty is among t he key social trouble in the world. Social issues have always been an essential part of the human condition. Social problems arise due to different aspects. Difficulties with the environment are almost directly linked to poverty and issues with education. Key Pieces of Social Problems Essay Topics It is crucial to stay objective when writing this kind of assignment and convince your audience on facts as opposed to opinions. Therefore, if you feel a bit fuzzy about some topic, pick another one before you commence writing. Undoubtedly, it would be much simpler that you learn more about the topic that's connected to the area of your interest. Whenever you have so many topics to speak about, choose what you're passionate about and it's going to be super-easy that you develop a considerable argument for it. The social issues research papers may appear easy to write in comparison with different topics, but still it demands an extremely creative strategy, a massive quantity of curiosity and capability to think beyond the box and search data in unconventional sources. If you still have issues with topic selection, don't hesitate to request help at GradeMiners. To cut back stress whilst writing a research paper, you ought to be sure that you have chosen the best topic. If you're confused with a number of interesting topics to research on the web, it's much better to choose what interests you the most. What You Don't Know About Social Problems Essay Topics It's also just as important to maintain adequate amount of mutual trust so that children could find assistance from parents in case they've become victims of cyber-bullying. When selecting social issue to discuss, you want to select something which actually interests you and that you've always wished to bring to public attention. Fo r a social issue to be classified as an issue, it has to be getting attention from the general public. The sort of information which Becky just got new vehicle interior is entirely useless in the very long run. The Foolproof Social Problems Essay Topics Strategy Various nations share similar social problems and different ones. In the majority of countries, for instance, developed countries many folks are poor and depend on welfare. Some people used their status to make the most of different individuals. Kids, kids and youths of the nation are future of the country so they're the principal target to boost awareness about any social troubles. The individual advantages of the work is much more than the advantage of the community as it leaves a long-lasting effect. The coverage of the welfare is quite extensive but on the opposite hand the advantages and the services are delivered at a very low level. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offe rs at the present time, in addition to make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Therefore, it really is important to set the issue of cyber bullying to the forefront and be sure that the government authorities in addition to the school councils do something about it. The One Thing to Do for Social Problems Essay Topics It's surprising to learn that isn't that hard to do it. Pollution is an important social problem everywhere due to the presence of human financial activities like industrial activity and day to day activities. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. The Nuiances of Social Problems Essay Topics Many might have to drop out. In the event you're not required to work on the distinct subject matter, you need to do what you can to locate a compelling one by yourself. If only a few individuals are speaking out against it, then it isn't a social matter. A good example is the current international warmin g crisis.

Easy Essay Topics on the Prince

Easy Essay Topics on the PrinceOnce you have decided that the essay topics on the prince are a huge challenge, the best thing to do is to come up with some ideas. While the prince may be your muse, there are some other things that may work as well. Think about the interests of others in the class and write the essay in such a way that it makes sense to them.Before you even start to write the paper, take an important note of how people often fall into three categories. These categories are writing; erudition; and attitude. It's best to draw a distinction between these three types, but in general, this does not mean that they do not co-exist. What it means is that there are certain activities that are more related to writing and they are more time consuming. For instance, writing a research paper is much different than writing a personal essay.There are many essay topics on the prince that deal with facts and figures. Some of the questions students will ask during class discussions are , how many churches did he build? How many horses is he known to have owned?You may find that it is not very difficult to answer these types of questions. However, if the question is, how many queens was he married to before his royal wedding? This may be more challenging. Nevertheless, the fact that people want to know about how much he was married to before the king allowed him to marry should not discourage you from writing about this subject.People may also be asking how long did he have a positive attitude before his marriage? If you find that the answers to these questions are difficult, it is worth your while to consider writing about the content of his love letters. This may be one way to get past some of the details that seem like they will be too difficult to translate into prose. Style can also be a challenge. This is especially true for students who have spent a lot of time studying the prince. These people will want to do everything possible to preserve the original tex t. For instance, if he was too busy to send any poems or letters to his princess, you may want to write about the contents of the correspondence instead.Style is a theme in your paper. The prince is an extraordinarily gifted speaker, so he also has a knack for writing in short sentences. For this reason, he was highly praised for his compositions and literary works.Students who love to read will appreciate your efforts to make your style as accessible as possible to them. Some other students may have a lot of difficulty with this because they are not accustomed to using some of the technical terms in essay topics on the prince. But students who do not care about grammar or style should probably write about their own stories instead.

College Expectations Essay - Takes The Sublimely Positive View Into A Touchy Subject

College Expectations Essay - Takes The Sublimely Positive View Into A Touchy SubjectA college expectations essay should be a positive, effective, and concise way to express your personal preferences in life. It is no use having expectations if you do not live up to them. By writing a college expectations essay, you will be giving the college admissions officer a true representation of who you are.By writing a college expectations essay, you will leave a lasting impression on the college admissions officer. This essay will carry great weight and will be highly important when it comes time for college admissions. College admissions officers receive hundreds of these types of essays every year. The college admissions officer will read your college expectations essay and will make a judgment on your personality. This is critical to the college admissions officer because it will reflect your character and your future success.A college admissions officer receives hundreds of college admiss ions essays every year. Although your college admission essay will not have the same effect as an average written essay, it is still important. College admissions officers to judge the applicants based on their experiences, as well as on how they present themselves on their college admissions application.Your college expectations essay should be concise, yet it should leave a lasting impression on the college admissions officer. The college admission officer will read through the essay and will judge you on how well you presented yourself.If you have a special skill or talent, your college expectations essay should also be specifically about that skill or talent. The essay should be self-explanatory and informative. The essay must not be written in the first person and should not rely too heavily on memorization.By keeping your college expectations essay simple, and straight to the point, you will leave a lasting impression. College admissions officers expect more from students who have strong opinions and personal references. Your essay should not be written in the first person, but it should at least be descriptive of the topic.Your college expectations essay should be short, yet it should leave a lasting impression. College admissions officers will evaluate you by how you present yourself. If you go out of your way to focus on the benefits you have gained from your past experiences, your college admission essay will leave a lasting impression.

Sample Counselor Influence Essay - Tips for Writing an Effective College Admission Essay

Sample Counselor Influence Essay - Tips for Writing an Effective College Admission EssayIt's quite common to see a college or university requiring a sample counselor influence essay for certain entry level admissions requirements. But how do these sample essays benefit the writer? And what's the best advice for writing a good example of a counselor influence essay?Basically, you can expect your admissions requirements to have more emphasis on academic achievements, whether they are standardized tests or educational records. There is no way that you will be expected to demonstrate your writing abilities. However, you will be expected to show that you are a good listener and can be a useful resource to the college or university. Most colleges and universities require that you write a persuasive piece of evidence on why you will benefit from the college or university.Writing an example of this is important because you need to establish credibility and know how to do this professionally. If you are a high school senior or entering the first year of college and want to build your credibility as a writer, then this is the first thing you need to work on. What you are trying to do is introduce yourself to the admissions committee and make them believe that you can provide a beneficial amount of information.The most important piece of evidence is the application essay itself. Because it is supposed to show your personality, it will help to focus on what you did that made you a better person. Start by listing some of the achievements and accomplishments that you had in high school. Then add a few about the accomplishments that you will enjoy in college.After that, explain your current and past experiences that relate to your student's qualifications. This will help to strengthen your case. In other words, this part of the essay helps the admissions committee to learn more about you, your interests, and your personal development.Finally, you have to consider which type o f writer you will be when writing this particular school's admission requirements. When writing it, you want to reflect your personal style and who you are in general. You should know how to compose a persuasive argument that will convince the college or university to consider you for a position of authority in the admissions process. You want to make sure that you're a competent writer with excellent writing skills.Hopefully, this article has been helpful in helping you get your essay written in the right direction. Use it as a guide for how to write your resume and academic transcripts.

The Canadian Financial Reporting Environment Essay Example

The Canadian Financial Reporting Environment Paper Skies, Wesleyan, Warfield, Young, Wicked. Uncommon Intermediate Accounting, Tenth Canadian Edition CHAPTER 1 THE CANADIAN FINANCIAL REPORTING ENVIRONMENT ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE Topic Brief Exercises Writing Assignments Financial statements and financial reporting. Capital allocation. Stakeholders. Objectives of financial reporting. Management bias in financial reporting. Importance of user needs in financial reporting. Need for accounting standards. Parties involved in standard-setting. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 16, 17, 18 Professional judgment. 9,20 Ethical issues, 21, 22, 23 Challenges facing financial accounting 20, 24, 25 Information Asymmetry Solutions Manual Chapter 1 Copyright C 2013 John Wiley Sons Canada, Ltd. We will write a custom essay sample on The Canadian Financial Reporting Environment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Canadian Financial Reporting Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Canadian Financial Reporting Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is strictly prohibited. Skies, Wesleyan, Warfield, Young, Wicked, Uncommon See the Case Primer on the Student Website as well as the summary case primer in the front of the text. Note that the first few chapters of the text lay the foundation for financial reporting decision-making. Therefore the cases in the first few chapters (1-5) are shorter with less depth, As such, they may not cover al aspects of a full-blown case analysis. CA 1-1 PHOBIC Overview: Reported net income a key focus for management represents a reporting bias. Controller (Paula) is concerned about doing the right thing -? not just doing what is required under GAP. Analysis and Recommendation: GAP constrained companies must adopt new standards as prescribed in the CIA Handbook (publicly accountable entities follow FIRS Which is included as Part to the CIA Handbook and private entities follow ASPS which is Part II to the CIA Handbook). Normally the standard setters give companies some lead mime so that they may ensure that they have all the appropriate information needed to present the information. Thus they are not required to change to a new standard until GAP requires it (the date is written into each standard). The issue is whether to adopt a change earlier even though not required or later when required. Adopt new standard as required GAP requirements are met. Need additional time to ensure that the company has all the information needed to prepare the financial Statements under the new standard i. E. o ensure reliable. Other. Adopt new standard earlier than required Provides greater comparability between years earlier if adopted earlier. If this is the better presentation, why not share it with users as soon as possible. Consideration of the impact on net income should not be a motivator for making the financial reporting decision (unbiased). Other. 1-2 CA 1-1 PHOBIC (CONTINUED) In conclusion, earlier adoption of the standard is always encouraged and should be attempted where the costs of doing so do not exceed the benefits. Chapter I Copyright @ 2013 John Wiley Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, Skies, Wesleyan, Warfield, Young, Wicked, Uncommonly CA 1-2 BOSTON CLOTHING LIMITED Overview When the company went public, APRS became a legal constraint. The company was in the retail sales business and was struggling to maintain financial solvency. It had hired new management to turn the company around -? they may have had an interest in showing the company in a better light than in reality. When it went public, the company appeared as though it had turned a corner (presumably thanks to the new management team). Thus the shares sold at $15 per share. Note that the selling price would consider sustainable earnings. Subsequently, after going public, the company could not sustain its earnings and the share price dropped.Many shareholders lost their investments. Â  Stakeholders included: 1. The investors and potential investors who relied on the financial statements in deciding whether to invest or not, They would have been influenced by the net income as well as cash trot operations as presented in the notes to the financial statements. 2. The management and prior owners of the company since the company was private, the prior owners stood to gain because of the higher share price at the time they took the company public. They would not have been affected by subsequent stock price declines once they had sold their share of the business 3. The auditors the auditors signed off on the statements that the investors would have relied on in making their They would have provided assurance that the financial statements presented fairly the results of operations. Subsequently, investors would be able to sue the auditors successfully if they could prove that the information was misleading. 4. Other-?creditors, customers, etc. N. B. Since there are no financial reporting issues (i. E. Leaning with recognition, assortment, presentation or disclosure) the analysis and recommendations section of this solution is not presented. CA 1-3 GRAND LIMITED The impact of a negative rating on Grand is that the company may have a more difficult time borrowing funds and will have to pay a higher rate of interest on such funds if obtained. The rating reflects the perceived financial strength of the company and the lower rating means that the companys fiscal responsibility may be in question. This may affect the companys longer outlook and ability to carry out long-term contracts requiring long-term financing. The fact that Grands bonds now have the status of junk bonds means that the number Of institutional investors interested in Grand Will be much lower since their rating has fallen below the level acceptable for many pensions and mutual funds. Junk bonds are considered speculative investments and are attractive only to those investors seeking higher returns and who are willing to take on the increased default risk associated with bonds in this category. Are the credit rating agencies stakeholders? Yes they rate companies in terms of credit risk and therefore their customers rely on them for accurate and well searched credit ratings. They would not necessarily give a credit rating lightly without doing the proper research. If they are wrong, their own business and reputation will suffer. Knowing that a credit rating agency Will be rating their debt, Grand would be biased to make sure that they obtain the best rating possible. Since the financial statements will be used by the rating agency to rate the company, there is a risk that the financial statements might paint the company in a more favorable light. Are the credit rating agencies stakeholders? Yes they rate companies in terms of credit risk and therefore their customers Ely on them for accurate and well researched credit ratings. They would not necessarily give a credit rating lightly without doing the proper research. If they are wrong, their own business and reputation will suffer. Knowing that a credit rating agency will be rating their debt, Quebec would be biased to make sure that they obtain the best rating possible Since the financial statements will be used by the rating agency to rate the company, there is a risk that the financial statements might paint the company in a more favorable light. Copyright 2013 John Wiley Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, striation, or transmission Of this page is strictly prohibited. TIME AND PURPOSE OF WRITING ASSIGNMENTS WA 1-1 (Time 15-20 minutes) Purpose-?to provide the student with an opportunity to evaluate the viewpoint of removing mandatory accounting standards and allowing each company to voluntarily disclose the information it desired. WA 1-2 (Time 3040 minutes) Purpose-?to provide the student With an opportunity to discuss the pros and cons of the plasticization of standard-setting, the impact accounting has on the environment, and the environments influence on accounting. WA 1-3 Purpose-?to provide the student with an opportunity to focus on the type of standard-setting environment exists in Canada. In addition, this case explores why user groups are interested in the nature of financial reporting standards and why some groups wish to issue their own standards. WA 1 _4 (Time IS-AS minutes) Purpose-?to provide the student with an opportunity to discuss the pros and cons of a continuous reporting model. WA I-s Purpose-to provide the student with an opportunity to discuss the Nortek company failures and the role of their auditors in issuing clean audit opinions. WA 1-6 (Time 20-30 minutes) Purpose-?to provide the student with an opportunity to discuss the steps taken to increase government regulation in the capital marketplace as a result of the recent corporate failures. The student must also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of government regulation. 1-6 TIME AND PURPOSE OF WRITING ASSIGNMENTS (CONTAIN WED) WA 1-8 (Time 30-35 minutes) Purpose to provide the student With an opportunity to discuss the reasons Why Canada decided to adopt a two-tiered system one for private companies and one for public companies. The student must also discuss the pros and cons of this type of system. WA 18 Purpose to provide the student with an opportunity to consider how management may be bias in terms of the information they share with the public, and how the asymmetry of information may impact users decisions. WA 1-10 Purpose to provide the student with an opportunity to consider the ethical dilemma of judgmental decisions with financial reporting and evaluate the potential consequences of those decisions. WA 1-11 (Time 5-10 minutes) Purpose to provide the student With an opportunity to consider the integrated reporting initiative and the impact it would have on various users of financial WA 1-12 Purpose to provide the student with an opportunity to investigate and compare the funding for Sacs/FAST and comment on the funding principals of each. Students are asked to comment on what impact the principals have and the potential issues if they did not exist. SOLUTIONS TO WRITING ASSIGNMENTS It is not appropriate to abandon mandatory accounting standards and allow each company to voluntarily disclose the type Of information it considers important. Without a coherent body of accounting theory and standards, each accountant or enterprise would have to develop its own theory structure and set of practices, ND readers of financial statements would have to familiarize themselves with every companys own accounting and reporting practices. As a result, it would be almost impossible to prepare statements that could be compared and there would be a tremendous waste of resources in both preparation and in analysis Further, GAP has been set by standard setters to help with the preparation to financial statements and to help reduce management bias. A single set of general-purpose financial statements is prepared to meet the majority of users needs. In addition, voluntary disclosure may not be an efficient way of disseminating information. Some companies will be likely to disclose less information if given the discretion, Thus, companies can reduce the cost of assembling and disseminating information. However, an investor wishing additional information has to pay to receive the desired additional information. Different investors may be interested in different types of information. Since the company may not be equipped to provide the requested information, it would have to spend additional resources to fulfill such needs; or the company may refuse to supply such information if it is too costly to do so. As a result, investors may not get the desired information or they may have to pay a significant amount of money for it. Furthermore, redundancy in gathering and distributing information occurs when different investors ask for the same information at different points of time. To the society as a Whole, this would not be an efficient way Of utilizing resources. Note that a contrary argument to companies providing less disclosure is set out in the competitive disclosure hypothesis Which suggests that companies in competition for scarce capital resources will actively increase their disclosure o reduce their perceived risk and therefore reduce their cost of capital and increase their access to investors. Copyright @ 2013 John Wiley Sons Canada, Ltd. Unauthorized copying, distribution, or transmission of this page is strictly prohibited. A) Arguments for plasticization of the accounting rule-making process: 1. Accounting standards and financial reporting depend in large part on public confidence for its success. Consequently, the critical issues are not solely technical, so all those having a bona fide interest in the output Of accounting should have some influence on that output. In fact, all stakeholders can moment on proposed changes and new standards through the due process that standard setting entails. 2. There are numerous conflicts between various interest groups. In the face of this, compromise is necessary, particularly since many of the critical issues in accounting are value judgments, not the type that can be solved, as we have traditionally assumed, using deterministic models. Only in this way (reasonable compromise) Will the financial community have confidence in the fairness and objectivity of the accounting standard setting process. 3. Over the years, accountants have been unable to establish, on the basis f technical accounting elements, rules which would bring about the desired uniformity and acceptability.